Predložky v angličtine – in, on, at a ďalšie

V angličtine existuje mnoho predložiek, ktoré vyjadrujú miesto, čas a iné vzťahy medzi slovami vo vete. Medzi najčastejšie patria in, on, at, ktoré môžu mať rôzne významy v závislosti od kontextu.

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1. Predložky miesta (Prepositions of Place)

Predložka	Použitie	Príklad
in	Vnútri niečoho (mesto, miestnosť, krajina)	She is in the kitchen.
on	Na povrchu niečoho	The book is on the table.
at	Presné miesto (adresa, bod)	We are at the bus stop.

Ďalšie príklady:

• in a city → He lives in London.
• on a street → The shop is on Baker Street.
• at a specific address → They live at 25 High Street.

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2. Predložky času (Prepositions of Time)

Predložka	Použitie	Príklad
in	Dlhšie časové úseky (mesiace, roky, storočia)	We were born in 2000.
on	Konkrétny deň alebo dátum	I have a meeting on Monday.
at	Presný čas	The train arrives at 5 PM.

Ďalšie príklady:

• in the morning / the afternoon → I study in the evening.
• on Christmas Day → We celebrate on 25th December.
• at the weekend (BrE) / on the weekend (AmE) → They will go out at the weekend.

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3. Ďalšie predložky a ich použitie

Predložka	Použitie	Príklad
by	Vedľa, niekým vykonané	The book was written by J.K. Rowling.
with	S niekým, niečím	She painted the picture with a brush.
about	O niečom	We talked about the trip.
for	Pre niekoho, na určitý čas	This gift is for you. / I lived there for two years.
from	Z miesta, času	He comes from Spain. / I work from 9 to 5.
to	Do miesta, času	We are going to school. / The shop is open from 8 to 6.

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4. Cvičenia

📝 Cvičenie 1: Doplň správnu predložku

Vyber správnu predložku:

1. I was born ___ 1998.
2. The keys are ___ the table.
3. We will meet ___ 5 PM.
4. She went ___ school early today.
5. The bus stop is ___ the corner.

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📝 Cvičenie 2: Vyber správnu možnosť

Vyber správnu odpoveď:

1. He lives (in/on/at) New York.
2. They have a party (on/at/in) Saturday.
3. The picture is (on/in/at) the wall.
4. We arrive (at/in/on) December.
5. I am going (to/at/by) work now.

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📝 Cvičenie 3: Oprav chyby

Nájdi a oprav chyby vo vetách:

1. She was born on 1999.
2. The book is in the table.
3. We will meet on 3 PM.
4. He is sitting in the bus stop.
5. I am traveling at London.

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Správne odpovede

Cvičenie 1:

1. in
2. on
3. at
4. to
5. at

Cvičenie 2:

1. in
2. on
3. on
4. in
5. to

Cvičenie 3:

1. She was born in 1999.
2. The book is on the table.
3. We will meet at 3 PM.
4. He is sitting at the bus stop.
5. I am traveling to London.